orchestra-research/ai-research-skills

clip

OpenAI's model connecting vision and language.

Voir la source

Mode d’emploi

  1. Copiez la commande et examinez le paquet avant de l’installer dans votre environnement agent.
  2. Consultez le document original pour les outils, identifiants et environnements requis.
  3. Décrivez les entrées et le livrable souhaité ; comparez la sortie aux sources.
npx skills add https://github.com/orchestra-research/ai-research-skills --skill clip

Avant de commencer

  • L’installation n’inclut ni abonnement au modèle, ni quota API, ni accès aux fichiers.
  • Étoiles et installations reflètent l’activité, pas un test indépendant de qualité ou de sécurité.
Document Skill original

Rendu depuis le dépôt source en conservant titres, exemples, code, tableaux, liens et images.

CLIP - Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training

OpenAI's model that understands images from natural language.

When to use CLIP

Use when:

  • Zero-shot image classification (no training data needed)
  • Image-text similarity/matching
  • Semantic image search
  • Content moderation (detect NSFW, violence)
  • Visual question answering
  • Cross-modal retrieval (image→text, text→image)

Metrics:

  • 25,300+ GitHub stars
  • Trained on 400M image-text pairs
  • Matches ResNet-50 on ImageNet (zero-shot)
  • MIT License

Use alternatives instead:

  • BLIP-2: Better captioning
  • LLaVA: Vision-language chat
  • Segment Anything: Image segmentation

Quick start

Installation

bash
pip install git+https://github.com/openai/CLIP.git
pip install torch torchvision ftfy regex tqdm

Zero-shot classification

python
import torch
import clip
from PIL import Image

# Load model
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load("ViT-B/32", device=device)

# Load image
image = preprocess(Image.open("photo.jpg")).unsqueeze(0).to(device)

# Define possible labels
text = clip.tokenize(["a dog", "a cat", "a bird", "a car"]).to(device)

# Compute similarity
with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(image)
    text_features = model.encode_text(text)

    # Cosine similarity
    logits_per_image, logits_per_text = model(image, text)
    probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=-1).cpu().numpy()

# Print results
labels = ["a dog", "a cat", "a bird", "a car"]
for label, prob in zip(labels, probs[0]):
    print(f"{label}: {prob:.2%}")

Available models

python
# Models (sorted by size)
models = [
    "RN50",           # ResNet-50
    "RN101",          # ResNet-101
    "ViT-B/32",       # Vision Transformer (recommended)
    "ViT-B/16",       # Better quality, slower
    "ViT-L/14",       # Best quality, slowest
]

model, preprocess = clip.load("ViT-B/32")
ModelParametersSpeedQuality
RN50102MFastGood
ViT-B/32151MMediumBetter
ViT-L/14428MSlowBest

Image-text similarity

python
# Compute embeddings
image_features = model.encode_image(image)
text_features = model.encode_text(text)

# Normalize
image_features /= image_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
text_features /= text_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

# Cosine similarity
similarity = (image_features @ text_features.T).item()
print(f"Similarity: {similarity:.4f}")

Semantic image search

python
# Index images
image_paths = ["img1.jpg", "img2.jpg", "img3.jpg"]
image_embeddings = []

for img_path in image_paths:
    image = preprocess(Image.open(img_path)).unsqueeze(0).to(device)
    with torch.no_grad():
        embedding = model.encode_image(image)
        embedding /= embedding.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
    image_embeddings.append(embedding)

image_embeddings = torch.cat(image_embeddings)

# Search with text query
query = "a sunset over the ocean"
text_input = clip.tokenize([query]).to(device)
with torch.no_grad():
    text_embedding = model.encode_text(text_input)
    text_embedding /= text_embedding.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

# Find most similar images
similarities = (text_embedding @ image_embeddings.T).squeeze(0)
top_k = similarities.topk(3)

for idx, score in zip(top_k.indices, top_k.values):
    print(f"{image_paths[idx]}: {score:.3f}")

Content moderation

python
# Define categories
categories = [
    "safe for work",
    "not safe for work",
    "violent content",
    "graphic content"
]

text = clip.tokenize(categories).to(device)

# Check image
with torch.no_grad():
    logits_per_image, _ = model(image, text)
    probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=-1)

# Get classification
max_idx = probs.argmax().item()
max_prob = probs[0, max_idx].item()

print(f"Category: {categories[max_idx]} ({max_prob:.2%})")

Batch processing

python
# Process multiple images
images = [preprocess(Image.open(f"img{i}.jpg")) for i in range(10)]
images = torch.stack(images).to(device)

with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(images)
    image_features /= image_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

# Batch text
texts = ["a dog", "a cat", "a bird"]
text_tokens = clip.tokenize(texts).to(device)

with torch.no_grad():
    text_features = model.encode_text(text_tokens)
    text_features /= text_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

# Similarity matrix (10 images × 3 texts)
similarities = image_features @ text_features.T
print(similarities.shape)  # (10, 3)

Integration with vector databases

python
# Store CLIP embeddings in Chroma/FAISS
import chromadb

client = chromadb.Client()
collection = client.create_collection("image_embeddings")

# Add image embeddings
for img_path, embedding in zip(image_paths, image_embeddings):
    collection.add(
        embeddings=[embedding.cpu().numpy().tolist()],
        metadatas=[{"path": img_path}],
        ids=[img_path]
    )

# Query with text
query = "a sunset"
text_embedding = model.encode_text(clip.tokenize([query]))
results = collection.query(
    query_embeddings=[text_embedding.cpu().numpy().tolist()],
    n_results=5
)

Best practices

  1. Use ViT-B/32 for most cases - Good balance
  2. Normalize embeddings - Required for cosine similarity
  3. Batch processing - More efficient
  4. Cache embeddings - Expensive to recompute
  5. Use descriptive labels - Better zero-shot performance
  6. GPU recommended - 10-50× faster
  7. Preprocess images - Use provided preprocess function

Performance

OperationCPUGPU (V100)
Image encoding~200ms~20ms
Text encoding~50ms~5ms
Similarity compute<1ms<1ms

Limitations

  1. Not for fine-grained tasks - Best for broad categories
  2. Requires descriptive text - Vague labels perform poorly
  3. Biased on web data - May have dataset biases
  4. No bounding boxes - Whole image only
  5. Limited spatial understanding - Position/counting weak

Resources

  • GitHub: https://github.com/openai/CLIP ⭐ 25,300+
  • Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020
  • Colab: https://colab.research.google.com/github/openai/clip/
  • License: MIT

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