bagelhole/devops-security-agent-skills

gitlab-ci

Configure GitLab CI/CD pipelines and runners for automated building, testing, and deployment.

소스 보기

사용 방법

  1. 설치 명령을 복사하고 자신의 에이전트 환경에 설치하기 전에 소스 패키지를 확인하세요.
  2. 필요한 도구, 인증 정보, 지원 환경은 원본 문서에서 확인하세요.
  3. 입력과 원하는 산출물을 설명하고 출처와 결과를 대조하세요.
npx skills add https://github.com/bagelhole/devops-security-agent-skills --skill gitlab-ci

시작 전 확인

  • 설치에는 모델 구독, API 한도, 파일 접근 권한이 포함되지 않습니다.
  • 별점 수와 설치 수는 활동 지표이며 독립적인 품질·보안 검증이 아닙니다.
원본 Skill 문서

원본 저장소의 제목, 예시, 코드, 표, 링크, 이미지를 유지해 표시합니다.

GitLab CI/CD

Automate your software delivery pipeline with GitLab's integrated CI/CD system.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

  • Setting up CI/CD pipelines in GitLab
  • Configuring GitLab runners (shared or self-hosted)
  • Creating multi-stage deployment pipelines
  • Implementing GitLab Auto DevOps
  • Managing CI/CD variables and secrets

Prerequisites

  • GitLab repository (gitlab.com or self-hosted)
  • Basic understanding of YAML
  • For self-hosted runners: Linux server or Kubernetes cluster

Pipeline Configuration

Create .gitlab-ci.yml in repository root:

yaml
stages:
  - build
  - test
  - deploy

variables:
  NODE_VERSION: "20"

build:
  stage: build
  image: node:${NODE_VERSION}
  script:
    - npm ci
    - npm run build
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - dist/
    expire_in: 1 hour

test:
  stage: test
  image: node:${NODE_VERSION}
  script:
    - npm ci
    - npm test
  coverage: '/Coverage: \d+\.\d+%/'

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - ./deploy.sh
  environment:
    name: production
    url: https://example.com
  only:
    - main

Job Configuration

Rules-Based Execution

yaml
deploy:
  script: ./deploy.sh
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
      when: manual
    - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"
      when: never
    - when: on_success

Parallel Jobs

yaml
test:
  stage: test
  parallel: 3
  script:
    - npm test -- --shard=$CI_NODE_INDEX/$CI_NODE_TOTAL

Matrix Builds

yaml
test:
  stage: test
  parallel:
    matrix:
      - NODE_VERSION: ["18", "20", "22"]
        OS: ["alpine", "slim"]
  image: node:${NODE_VERSION}-${OS}
  script:
    - npm test

Caching

yaml
cache:
  key:
    files:
      - package-lock.json
  paths:
    - node_modules/
  policy: pull-push

build:
  cache:
    key: build-cache
    paths:
      - .cache/
    policy: pull

Artifacts

yaml
build:
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - dist/
      - coverage/
    reports:
      junit: junit.xml
      coverage_report:
        coverage_format: cobertura
        path: coverage/cobertura.xml
    expire_in: 1 week
    when: always

Environments and Deployments

yaml
deploy_staging:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - deploy --env staging
  environment:
    name: staging
    url: https://staging.example.com
    on_stop: stop_staging

stop_staging:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - undeploy --env staging
  environment:
    name: staging
    action: stop
  when: manual

Docker Builds

yaml
build_image:
  stage: build
  image: docker:24
  services:
    - docker:24-dind
  variables:
    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: "/certs"
  script:
    - docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER -p $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD $CI_REGISTRY
    - docker build -t $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA .
    - docker push $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA

GitLab Runners

Install Runner

bash
# Download and install
curl -L https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install gitlab-runner

# Register runner
sudo gitlab-runner register \
  --url https://gitlab.com/ \
  --registration-token TOKEN \
  --executor docker \
  --docker-image alpine:latest

Runner Configuration

toml
# /etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml
[[runners]]
  name = "docker-runner"
  url = "https://gitlab.com/"
  token = "TOKEN"
  executor = "docker"
  [runners.docker]
    image = "alpine:latest"
    privileged = true
    volumes = ["/cache", "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"]

Runner Tags

yaml
build:
  tags:
    - docker
    - linux
  script:
    - make build

CI/CD Variables

Protected Variables

Define in Settings > CI/CD > Variables:

  • AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID (protected, masked)
  • AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY (protected, masked)

Using Variables

yaml
deploy:
  script:
    - aws s3 sync dist/ s3://$S3_BUCKET
  variables:
    AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: us-east-1

Include and Extend

Include Templates

yaml
include:
  - template: Security/SAST.gitlab-ci.yml
  - project: 'group/shared-ci'
    file: '/templates/deploy.yml'
  - local: '/ci/jobs.yml'

Extend Jobs

yaml
.base_job:
  image: node:20
  before_script:
    - npm ci

build:
  extends: .base_job
  script:
    - npm run build

test:
  extends: .base_job
  script:
    - npm test

Multi-Project Pipelines

yaml
trigger_downstream:
  stage: deploy
  trigger:
    project: group/downstream-project
    branch: main
    strategy: depend

Common Issues

Issue: Pipeline Stuck

Problem: Jobs stay pending Solution: Check runner availability and tags matching

Issue: Docker-in-Docker Fails

Problem: Cannot connect to Docker daemon Solution: Use docker:dind service with proper TLS configuration

Issue: Cache Not Working

Problem: Cache misses between jobs Solution: Verify cache key and ensure runners share distributed cache

Best Practices

  • Use rules instead of only/except for complex conditions
  • Leverage GitLab's built-in security scanning templates
  • Use job dependencies to optimize pipeline speed
  • Implement review apps for merge requests
  • Cache dependencies aggressively
  • Use artifacts for passing data between stages

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