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Android Gradle Build Logic & Convention Plugins
This skill helps you configure a scalable, maintainable build system for Android apps using Gradle Convention Plugins and Version Catalogs, following the "Now in Android" (NiA) architecture.
Goal
Stop copy-pasting code between build.gradle.kts files. Centralize build logic (Compose setup, Kotlin options, Hilt, etc.) in reusable plugins.
Project Structure
Ensure your project has a build-logic directory included in settings.gradle.kts as a composite build.
root/
├── build-logic/
│ ├── convention/
│ │ ├── src/main/kotlin/
│ │ │ └── AndroidApplicationConventionPlugin.kt
│ │ └── build.gradle.kts
│ ├── build.gradle.kts
│ └── settings.gradle.kts
├── gradle/
│ └── libs.versions.toml
├── app/
│ └── build.gradle.kts
└── settings.gradle.ktsStep 1: Configure settings.gradle.kts
Include the build-logic as a plugin management source.
// settings.gradle.kts
pluginManagement {
includeBuild("build-logic")
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
gradlePluginPortal()
}
}
dependencyResolutionManagement {
repositoriesMode.set(RepositoriesMode.FAIL_ON_PROJECT_REPOS)
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
}
}Step 2: Define Dependencies in libs.versions.toml
Use the Version Catalog for both libraries and plugins.
[versions]
androidGradlePlugin = "8.2.0"
kotlin = "1.9.20"
[libraries]
# ...
[plugins]
android-application = { id = "com.android.application", version.ref = "androidGradlePlugin" }
android-library = { id = "com.android.library", version.ref = "androidGradlePlugin" }
kotlin-android = { id = "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android", version.ref = "kotlin" }
# Define your own plugins here
nowinandroid-android-application = { id = "nowinandroid.android.application", version = "unspecified" }Step 3: Create a Convention Plugin
Inside build-logic/convention/src/main/kotlin/AndroidApplicationConventionPlugin.kt:
import com.android.build.api.dsl.ApplicationExtension
import org.gradle.api.Plugin
import org.gradle.api.Project
import org.gradle.kotlin.dsl.configure
class AndroidApplicationConventionPlugin : Plugin<Project> {
override fun apply(target: Project) {
with(target) {
with(pluginManager) {
apply("com.android.application")
apply("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android")
}
extensions.configure<ApplicationExtension> {
defaultConfig.targetSdk = 34
// Configure common options here
}
}
}
}Don't forget to register it in build-logic/convention/build.gradle.kts:
gradlePlugin {
plugins {
register("androidApplication") {
id = "nowinandroid.android.application"
implementationClass = "AndroidApplicationConventionPlugin"
}
}
}Usage
Apply your custom plugin in your modules (e.g., app/build.gradle.kts):
plugins {
alias(libs.plugins.nowinandroid.android.application)
}This drastically cleans up module-level build files.
