react

React 19 Best Practices

Comprehensive performance optimization guide for React 19 applications. Contains 40 rules across 8 categories, prioritized by impact from critical (concurrent rendering, server components) to incremental (component patterns).

Table of Contents

1. Concurrent Rendering — CRITICAL

• 1.1 Avoid Suspense Fallback Thrashing — HIGH (prevents flickering, smoother UX)
• 1.2 Leverage Automatic Batching for Fewer Renders — HIGH (fewer renders in heavy updates)
• 1.3 Use useDeferredValue for Derived Expensive Values — CRITICAL (prevents jank in derived computations)
• 1.4 Use useTransition for Non-Blocking Updates — CRITICAL (keeps UI responsive during heavy updates)
• 1.5 Write Concurrent-Safe Components — MEDIUM-HIGH

1. Server Components — CRITICAL

• 2.1 Avoid Client-Only Libraries in Server Components — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 2.2 Enable Streaming with Nested Suspense — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 2.3 Fetch Data in Server Components — CRITICAL (less client JS, no client waterfalls)
• 2.4 Minimize Server/Client Boundary Crossings — CRITICAL (reduces serialization overhead, smaller bundles)
• 2.5 Pass Only Serializable Props to Client Components — HIGH (prevents runtime errors, ensures correct hydration)
• 2.6 Use Composition to Mix Server and Client Components — HIGH (maintains server rendering for static content)

1. Actions & Forms — HIGH

• 3.1 Use Form Actions Instead of onSubmit — HIGH (progressive enhancement, simpler code)
• 3.2 Use useActionState for Form State Management — HIGH (declarative form handling, automatic pending states)
• 3.3 Use useFormStatus for Submit Button State — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 3.4 Use useOptimistic for Instant UI Feedback — HIGH (instant perceived response, auto-rollback on failure)
• 3.5 Validate Forms on Server with Actions — MEDIUM (secure validation, consistent error handling)

1. Data Fetching — HIGH

• 4.1 Fetch Data in Parallel with Promise.all — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 4.2 Use cache() for Request Deduplication — HIGH (eliminates duplicate fetches per render)
• 4.3 Use Error Boundaries with Suspense — MEDIUM (graceful error recovery, isolated failures)
• 4.4 Use Suspense for Declarative Loading States — HIGH (cleaner code, coordinated loading UI)
• 4.5 Use the use() Hook for Promises in Render — HIGH (cleaner async component code, Suspense integration)

1. State Management — MEDIUM-HIGH

• 5.1 Calculate Derived Values During Render — MEDIUM (eliminates sync bugs, simpler code)
• 5.2 Split Context to Prevent Unnecessary Re-renders — MEDIUM (reduces re-renders from context changes)
• 5.3 Use Functional State Updates for Derived Values — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 5.4 Use Lazy Initialization for Expensive Initial State — MEDIUM-HIGH
• 5.5 Use useReducer for Complex State Logic — MEDIUM (clearer state transitions, easier testing)

1. Memoization & Performance — MEDIUM

• 6.1 Avoid Premature Memoization — MEDIUM (memoization has overhead, measure first)
• 6.2 Leverage React Compiler for Automatic Memoization — MEDIUM (automatic optimization, less manual code)
• 6.3 Use React.memo for Expensive Pure Components — MEDIUM (skips re-render when props unchanged)
• 6.4 Use useCallback for Stable Function References — MEDIUM (prevents child re-renders from reference changes)
• 6.5 Use useMemo for Expensive Calculations — MEDIUM (skips expensive recalculation on re-renders)

1. Effects & Events — MEDIUM

• 7.1 Always Clean Up Effect Side Effects — MEDIUM (prevents memory leaks, stale callbacks)
• 7.2 Avoid Effects for Derived State and User Events — MEDIUM (eliminates sync bugs, simpler code)
• 7.3 Avoid Object and Array Dependencies in Effects — MEDIUM (prevents infinite loops, unnecessary re-runs)
• 7.4 Use useEffectEvent for Non-Reactive Logic — MEDIUM (separates reactive from non-reactive code)
• 7.5 Use useSyncExternalStore for External Subscriptions — MEDIUM (correct subscription handling, SSR compatible)

1. Component Patterns — LOW-MEDIUM

• 8.1 Choose Controlled vs Uncontrolled Appropriately — LOW-MEDIUM
• 8.2 Prefer Composition Over Props Explosion — LOW-MEDIUM
• 8.3 Use Key to Reset Component State — LOW-MEDIUM
• 8.4 Use Render Props for Inversion of Control — LOW-MEDIUM

References

1. https://react.dev
2. https://react.dev/blog/2024/12/05/react-19
3. https://react.dev/blog/2025/10/01/react-19-2
4. https://react.dev/learn/you-might-not-need-an-effect
5. https://github.com/facebook/react

Related Skills

• For Next.js 16 App Router, see nextjs skill
• For client-side form handling, see react-hook-form skill
• For data caching with TanStack Query, see tanstack-query skill