사용 방법
- 설치 명령을 복사하고 자신의 에이전트 환경에 설치하기 전에 소스 패키지를 확인하세요.
- 필요한 도구, 인증 정보, 지원 환경은 원본 문서에서 확인하세요.
- 입력과 원하는 산출물을 설명하고 출처와 결과를 대조하세요.
npx skills add https://github.com/wshobson/agents --skill python-configuration시작 전 확인
- 설치에는 모델 구독, API 한도, 파일 접근 권한이 포함되지 않습니다.
- 별점 수와 설치 수는 활동 지표이며 독립적인 품질·보안 검증이 아닙니다.
원본 저장소의 제목, 예시, 코드, 표, 링크, 이미지를 유지해 표시합니다.
Python Configuration Management
Externalize configuration from code using environment variables and typed settings. Well-managed configuration enables the same code to run in any environment without modification.
When to Use This Skill
- Setting up a new project's configuration system
- Migrating from hardcoded values to environment variables
- Implementing pydantic-settings for typed configuration
- Managing secrets and sensitive values
- Creating environment-specific settings (dev/staging/prod)
- Validating configuration at application startup
Core Concepts
1. Externalized Configuration
All environment-specific values (URLs, secrets, feature flags) come from environment variables, not code.
2. Typed Settings
Parse and validate configuration into typed objects at startup, not scattered throughout code.
3. Fail Fast
Validate all required configuration at application boot. Missing config should crash immediately with a clear message.
4. Sensible Defaults
Provide reasonable defaults for local development while requiring explicit values for sensitive settings.
Quick Start
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
from pydantic import Field
class Settings(BaseSettings):
database_url: str = Field(alias="DATABASE_URL")
api_key: str = Field(alias="API_KEY")
debug: bool = Field(default=False, alias="DEBUG")
settings = Settings() # Loads from environmentFundamental Patterns
Pattern 1: Typed Settings with Pydantic
Create a central settings class that loads and validates all configuration.
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
from pydantic import Field, PostgresDsn, ValidationError
import sys
class Settings(BaseSettings):
"""Application configuration loaded from environment variables."""
# Database
db_host: str = Field(alias="DB_HOST")
db_port: int = Field(default=5432, alias="DB_PORT")
db_name: str = Field(alias="DB_NAME")
db_user: str = Field(alias="DB_USER")
db_password: str = Field(alias="DB_PASSWORD")
# Redis
redis_url: str = Field(default="redis://localhost:6379", alias="REDIS_URL")
# API Keys
api_secret_key: str = Field(alias="API_SECRET_KEY")
# Feature flags
enable_new_feature: bool = Field(default=False, alias="ENABLE_NEW_FEATURE")
model_config = {
"env_file": ".env",
"env_file_encoding": "utf-8",
}
# Create singleton instance at module load
try:
settings = Settings()
except ValidationError as e:
print(f"Configuration error:\n{e}")
sys.exit(1)Import settings throughout your application:
from myapp.config import settings
def get_database_connection():
return connect(
host=settings.db_host,
port=settings.db_port,
database=settings.db_name,
)Pattern 2: Fail Fast on Missing Configuration
Required settings should crash the application immediately with a clear error.
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
from pydantic import Field, ValidationError
import sys
class Settings(BaseSettings):
# Required - no default means it must be set
api_key: str = Field(alias="API_KEY")
database_url: str = Field(alias="DATABASE_URL")
# Optional with defaults
log_level: str = Field(default="INFO", alias="LOG_LEVEL")
try:
settings = Settings()
except ValidationError as e:
print("=" * 60)
print("CONFIGURATION ERROR")
print("=" * 60)
for error in e.errors():
field = error["loc"][0]
print(f" - {field}: {error['msg']}")
print("\nPlease set the required environment variables.")
sys.exit(1)A clear error at startup is better than a cryptic None failure mid-request.
Pattern 3: Local Development Defaults
Provide sensible defaults for local development while requiring explicit values for secrets.
class Settings(BaseSettings):
# Has local default, but prod will override
db_host: str = Field(default="localhost", alias="DB_HOST")
db_port: int = Field(default=5432, alias="DB_PORT")
# Always required - no default for secrets
db_password: str = Field(alias="DB_PASSWORD")
api_secret_key: str = Field(alias="API_SECRET_KEY")
# Development convenience
debug: bool = Field(default=False, alias="DEBUG")
model_config = {"env_file": ".env"}Create a .env file for local development (never commit this):
# .env (add to .gitignore)
DB_PASSWORD=local_dev_password
API_SECRET_KEY=dev-secret-key
DEBUG=truePattern 4: Namespaced Environment Variables
Prefix related variables for clarity and easy debugging.
# Database configuration
DB_HOST=localhost
DB_PORT=5432
DB_NAME=myapp
DB_USER=admin
DB_PASSWORD=secret
# Redis configuration
REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379
REDIS_MAX_CONNECTIONS=10
# Authentication
AUTH_SECRET_KEY=your-secret-key
AUTH_TOKEN_EXPIRY_SECONDS=3600
AUTH_ALGORITHM=HS256
# Feature flags
FEATURE_NEW_CHECKOUT=true
FEATURE_BETA_UI=falseMakes env | grep DB_ useful for debugging.
Detailed worked examples and patterns
Detailed sections (starting with ## Advanced Patterns) live in references/details.md. Read that file when the navigation summary above is insufficient.
Best Practices Summary
- Never hardcode config - All environment-specific values from env vars
- Use typed settings - Pydantic-settings with validation
- Fail fast - Crash on missing required config at startup
- Provide dev defaults - Make local development easy
- Never commit secrets - Use
.envfiles (gitignored) or secret managers - Namespace variables -
DB_HOST,REDIS_URLfor clarity - Import settings singleton - Don't call
os.getenv()throughout code - Document all variables - README should list required env vars
- Validate early - Check config correctness at boot time
- Use secrets_dir - Support mounted secrets in containers
