使用方法
- 复制安装命令，在自己的智能体环境安装前先检查源码包。
- 从原始文档核对所需工具、凭据和支持的宿主。
- 说明输入材料与期望交付物，并对照来源检查输出。
npx skills add https://github.com/mohitmishra786/low-level-dev-skills --skill bazel开始前需了解
- 安装不包含模型订阅、API 额度或访问文件的权限。
- 仓库星数和安装量反映活跃情况，不等于独立质量或安全测试。
仓库原始内容
按源仓库内容呈现，保留标题、案例、代码、表格、链接以及原文引用的演示图片。
Bazel
Purpose
Guide agents through Bazel for C/C++ projects: writing BUILD files, cclibrary/ccbinary rules, toolchain registration, remote execution, dependency graph queries, Bzlmod dependency management, and sandbox debugging.
Triggers
- "How do I write a Bazel BUILD file for a C++ library?"
- "How do I add external dependencies with Bzlmod?"
- "How do I debug Bazel sandbox errors?"
- "How do I query the Bazel dependency graph?"
- "How do I set up remote execution with Bazel?"
- "How do I register a custom C++ toolchain?"
Workflow
1. Workspace structure
my-project/
├── MODULE.bazel # Bzlmod dependency file (Bazel ≥6)
├── WORKSPACE # legacy (still needed for some features)
├── BUILD # root build file
├── src/
│ ├── BUILD
│ └── main.cc
└── lib/
├── BUILD
├── mylib.cc
└── mylib.h2. Basic BUILD file — cclibrary / ccbinary
python
# lib/BUILD
cc_library(
name = "mylib",
srcs = ["mylib.cc"],
hdrs = ["mylib.h"],
copts = ["-Wall", "-Wextra", "-std=c++17"],
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
deps = [
"@com_google_absl//absl/strings", # external dep
"//util:helpers", # internal dep
],
)
cc_test(
name = "mylib_test",
srcs = ["mylib_test.cc"],
deps = [
":mylib",
"@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
],
)python
# src/BUILD
cc_binary(
name = "main",
srcs = ["main.cc"],
deps = ["//lib:mylib"],
linkopts = ["-lpthread"],
)bash
# Build
bazel build //src:main
bazel build //... # build everything
# Test
bazel test //lib:mylib_test
bazel test //... # run all tests
# Run
bazel run //src:main -- arg1 arg2
# Output path
bazel-bin/src/main3. Bzlmod — modern dependency management
python
# MODULE.bazel
module(
name = "my_project",
version = "1.0",
)
bazel_dep(name = "abseil-cpp", version = "20240116.2")
bazel_dep(name = "googletest", version = "1.14.0")
bazel_dep(name = "rules_cc", version = "0.0.9")
bazel_dep(name = "platforms", version = "0.0.8")
# For http_archive deps not yet in BCR (Bazel Central Registry)
# Use module extensionsbash
# Check available versions
bazel mod graph | head -30
# Show dependency tree
bazel mod deps --depth=24. Dependency graph queries
bash
# Show all dependencies of a target
bazel query "deps(//src:main)"
# Find reverse dependencies (who depends on this?)
bazel query "rdeps(//..., //lib:mylib)"
# Find what changed between builds
bazel query "filter('//lib', deps(//src:main))"
# cquery — configuration-aware query
bazel cquery "deps(//src:main)" --output=files
# Show include paths for a target
bazel cquery "//lib:mylib" --output=build
# Find cycles in the build graph
bazel query --nohost_deps --noimplicit_deps \
"somepath(//src:main, //lib:mylib)"
# aquery — action graph (shows compiler flags, inputs, outputs)
bazel aquery "//src:main"
bazel aquery "//src:main" --output=jsonproto | jq '.actions[0].arguments'5. Toolchain registration
python
# platforms/BUILD
platform(
name = "linux_x86_64",
constraint_values = [
"@platforms//os:linux",
"@platforms//cpu:x86_64",
],
)
# toolchains/BUILD
cc_toolchain_suite(
name = "my_toolchain",
toolchains = {
"k8": ":my_k8_toolchain",
},
)
cc_toolchain(
name = "my_k8_toolchain",
all_files = ":empty",
compiler_files = ":compiler_wrapper",
# ... other file groups
)
toolchain(
name = "my_cc_toolchain",
toolchain = ":my_k8_toolchain",
toolchain_type = "@bazel_tools//tools/cpp:toolchain_type",
target_compatible_with = ["@platforms//os:linux"],
)python
# MODULE.bazel — register toolchain
register_toolchains("//toolchains:my_cc_toolchain")6. Remote execution
bash
# Use --remote_executor flag
bazel build //... \
--remote_executor=grpc://buildgrid.example.com:50051 \
--remote_instance_name=main
# Google Cloud Build Remote Execution
bazel build //... \
--remote_executor=remotebuildexecution.googleapis.com \
--remote_instance_name=projects/my-project/instances/default \
--google_default_credentials
# Caching (without remote execution)
bazel build //... \
--remote_cache=grpc://cache.example.com:9092
# Show what's cached
bazel build //... --remote_upload_local_results=true7. Sandbox debugging
bash
# Show sandbox inputs and outputs
bazel build //src:main --sandbox_debug
# Run build with verbose sandboxing
bazel build //src:main --verbose_failures --sandbox_debug
# Disable sandbox entirely (for debugging)
bazel build //src:main --spawn_strategy=local
# Common sandbox errors
# "No such file or directory" → missing data dependency
# Fix: add file to `data = [...]` attribute
# "Permission denied" → trying to write outside sandbox
# Fix: use genrule output paths instead of hardcoded paths
# "FAILED: Build did NOT complete successfully" → check verbose output
# See the exact command Bazel ran
bazel build //src:main --subcommandsFor Bazel C++ toolchain configuration, see references/bazel-cpp-toolchain.md.
Related skills
- Use
skills/build-systems/cmakefor CMake as an alternative build system - Use
skills/build-systems/build-accelerationfor sccache integration with Bazel remote cache - Use
skills/compilers/gccorskills/compilers/clangfor compiler flags used in Bazelcopts
