laravel-best-practices

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Laravel 13 Best Practices

Comprehensive best practices guide for Laravel 13 applications. Contains 31 rules across 7 categories for building scalable, maintainable Laravel applications.

When to Apply

Reference these guidelines when:

Creating controllers, models, and services
Writing migrations and database queries
Implementing validation and form requests
Building APIs with Laravel
Structuring Laravel applications

Rule Categories by Priority

Priority	Category	Impact	Prefix
1	Architecture & Structure	CRITICAL	`arch-`
2	Eloquent & Database	CRITICAL	`eloquent-`
3	Controllers & Routing	HIGH	`controller-`, `ctrl-`
4	Validation & Requests	HIGH	`validation-`, `valid-`
5	Security	HIGH	`sec-`
6	Performance	MEDIUM	`perf-`
7	API Design	MEDIUM	`api-`

Quick Reference

1. Architecture & Structure (CRITICAL)

arch-service-classes - Extract business logic to services
arch-action-classes - Single-purpose action classes
arch-repository-pattern - When to use repositories
arch-dto-pattern - Data transfer objects
arch-value-objects - Encapsulate domain concepts
arch-event-driven - Decouple with events and listeners
arch-feature-folders - Organize by domain/feature
arch-queue-routing - Centralized job queue routing (Laravel 13+)

2. Eloquent & Database (CRITICAL)

eloquent-eager-loading - Prevent N+1 queries
eloquent-chunking - Process large datasets
eloquent-query-scopes - Reusable query logic
eloquent-model-events - Use observers for side effects
eloquent-relationships - Define relationships properly
eloquent-casts - Automatic attribute casting
eloquent-accessors-mutators - Transform attributes
eloquent-soft-deletes - Safe deletion with recovery
eloquent-pruning - Automatic cleanup of old records
eloquent-vector-search - Semantic search with pgvector (Laravel 13+)

3. Controllers & Routing (HIGH)

controller-resource-controllers - Use resource controllers
controller-single-action - Single action invokable controllers
controller-resource-methods - RESTful resource methods
controller-form-requests - Use form requests
controller-api-resources - Transform API responses
controller-middleware - Apply middleware properly
controller-dependency-injection - Inject dependencies

4. Validation & Requests (HIGH)

validation-form-requests - Use form request classes
validation-custom-rules - Create custom rules
validation-conditional-rules - Conditional validation
validation-array-validation - Validate nested arrays
validation-after-hooks - Complex validation logic

5. Security (HIGH)

sec-mass-assignment - Protect against mass assignment

6. Performance (MEDIUM)

No rule files exist yet for this category.

7. API Design (MEDIUM)

No rule files exist yet for this category.

Essential Patterns

Controller with Form Request

php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Http\Requests\StorePostRequest;
use App\Http\Requests\UpdatePostRequest;
use App\Models\Post;
use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;

class PostController extends Controller
{
    public function store(StorePostRequest $request): RedirectResponse
    {
        // Validation happens automatically
        $validated = $request->validated();

        $post = Post::create($validated);

        return redirect()
            ->route('posts.show', $post)
            ->with('success', 'Post created successfully.');
    }

    public function update(UpdatePostRequest $request, Post $post): RedirectResponse
    {
        $post->update($request->validated());

        return redirect()
            ->route('posts.show', $post)
            ->with('success', 'Post updated successfully.');
    }
}

Form Request Class

php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class StorePostRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return $this->user()->can('create', Post::class);
    }

    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'title' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
            'body' => ['required', 'string', 'min:100'],
            'category_id' => ['required', 'exists:categories,id'],
            'tags' => ['nullable', 'array'],
            'tags.*' => ['exists:tags,id'],
            'published_at' => ['nullable', 'date', 'after:now'],
        ];
    }

    public function messages(): array
    {
        return [
            'body.min' => 'The post body must be at least 100 characters.',
        ];
    }
}

Service Class Pattern

php

<?php

namespace App\Services;

use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Post;
use App\Events\PostPublished;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;

class PostService
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly NotificationService $notifications,
    ) {}

    public function publish(Post $post): Post
    {
        return DB::transaction(function () use ($post) {
            $post->update([
                'published_at' => now(),
                'status' => 'published',
            ]);

            event(new PostPublished($post));

            $this->notifications->notifyFollowers($post->author, $post);

            return $post->fresh();
        });
    }
}

Eloquent Model

php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;

class Post extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $fillable = [
        'title',
        'slug',
        'body',
        'category_id',
        'published_at',
    ];

    protected $casts = [
        'published_at' => 'datetime',
    ];

    // Relationships
    public function author(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id');
    }

    public function category(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Category::class);
    }

    public function tags(): BelongsToMany
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Tag::class)->withTimestamps();
    }

    // Scopes
    public function scopePublished(Builder $query): Builder
    {
        return $query->whereNotNull('published_at')
            ->where('published_at', '<=', now());
    }

    public function scopeByCategory(Builder $query, int $categoryId): Builder
    {
        return $query->where('category_id', $categoryId);
    }

    // Accessors & Mutators
    protected function title(): Attribute
    {
        return Attribute::make(
            set: fn (string $value) => ucfirst($value),
        );
    }
}

Migration Best Practices

php

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
            $table->foreignId('category_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
            $table->string('title');
            $table->string('slug')->unique();
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamp('published_at')->nullable();
            $table->timestamps();

            // Indexes for common queries
            $table->index(['user_id', 'published_at']);
            $table->index('category_id');
        });
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('posts');
    }
};

Eager Loading

php

// N+1 Problem
$posts = Post::all();
foreach ($posts as $post) {
    echo $post->author->name;  // Query per post
}

// Eager loading — only 3 queries total
$posts = Post::with(['author', 'category', 'tags'])->get();
foreach ($posts as $post) {
    echo $post->author->name;  // No additional queries
}

// Nested eager loading
$posts = Post::with([
    'author.profile',
    'comments.user',
    'tags',
])->get();

// Constrained eager loading
$posts = Post::with([
    'comments' => fn ($query) => $query->latest()->limit(5),
])->get();

How to Use

Read individual rule files for detailed explanations and code examples:

rules/arch-service-classes.md
rules/eloquent-eager-loading.md
rules/validation-form-requests.md
rules/_sections.md

Each rule file contains:

YAML frontmatter with metadata (title, impact, tags)
Brief explanation of why it matters
Bad Example with explanation
Good Example with explanation
Laravel 13 and PHP 8.3 specific context and references

Full Compiled Document

For the complete guide with all rules expanded: AGENTS.md

Jak używać

Przed rozpoczęciem

Laravel 13 Best Practices

When to Apply

Rule Categories by Priority

Quick Reference

1. Architecture & Structure (CRITICAL)

2. Eloquent & Database (CRITICAL)

3. Controllers & Routing (HIGH)

4. Validation & Requests (HIGH)

5. Security (HIGH)

6. Performance (MEDIUM)

7. API Design (MEDIUM)

Essential Patterns

Controller with Form Request

Form Request Class

Service Class Pattern

Eloquent Model

Migration Best Practices

Eager Loading

How to Use

Full Compiled Document

Powiązane zadania

Więcej Skills

laravel-inertia-react

react-vite-best-practices

code-slop

technical-debt

laravel-best-practices

Jak używać

Przed rozpoczęciem

Laravel 13 Best Practices

When to Apply

Rule Categories by Priority

Quick Reference

1. Architecture & Structure (CRITICAL)

2. Eloquent & Database (CRITICAL)

3. Controllers & Routing (HIGH)

4. Validation & Requests (HIGH)

5. Security (HIGH)

6. Performance (MEDIUM)

7. API Design (MEDIUM)

Essential Patterns

Controller with Form Request

Form Request Class

Service Class Pattern

Eloquent Model

Migration Best Practices

Eager Loading

How to Use

Full Compiled Document

Powiązane zadania

backend-patterns

docker-patterns

python-patterns

rust-patterns

Więcej Skills

laravel-inertia-react

react-vite-best-practices

code-slop

technical-debt